Refrigerant compressor



Feb. 25, 1936.

W. D. DRYSDALE REFRIGERANT COMPRESSOR Filed Nov. 1, 1934 2 sheets-sheet 1 nlllll Feb. 25, 1936.. W |j DRYSDALE y 2,031,941

HEFRIGERAN'T COMPRESSOR rares This invention relates to a refrigerant compressor for use in a compressor-condenser-expander circuit and is concerned with a compressor of the so-called ,sealed unit type in which there is a housing enclosing the driving motor and the gas pump and in which the housing presents a chamber into and through which the refrigerant returning from the expander passes directly to the pump intake port.

The present invention is concerned with improvements relating to the pump intake port and aims to increase the emcicncy of the compressor to silence the soundA of gas rushing into the cylinder and to eliminate, or at least to minimize,

the admimion of lubricating oil to the intake port.

The invention will best be understood by refercnce to the iollom'ng description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings of one specic embodiment thereof, while its scope will be pointed out more particularly in theappended claims. l

In the drawings:

1 is a plan of a compressor embodying the invention;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the same with the cover removed to show the interior parts;

3 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale,

on line of Fig. l, showing the piston at the end of its upward compression stroke;

80 mg. i is a section similar to Fig. s, but showing the piston in its lowermost position; and

e Si" 5 is a sectional view on line 5 5 of Fig. 3.

Refer to the drawings and to the embodiment of the invention selected ior illustration,

there is shown a refrigerant compressor comprising a housing i@ presenting a chamber l (me Fig. il) within which is housed a gas pump or compressor com a piston l@ (see. Fig. 3)

which reciprocates in a cylinder lo, the latter et) ha a cylinder head is. As shown, the piston is reciprocated by a connecting rod 2li, one end' oi which is connected to the piston by a wristpin t2, and the other end to a crank-pin d which is carried by a ny wheel 2t secured to a shaft 28. i5 The cylinder is/provided with a lateral intake mrt d@ which is covered and uncovered by the piston, as shown by a comparison of Figs. 3 and i. During the upward stroke-o the piston,l the gas in the cylinder is driven through a plurality of EN) o et in a plate Sd which presents a seat Se for a disk or wafer valve iid which is normally seated by a spring de. When the gas is driven upwardly by the piston, the valve rises from its seat against the resistance presented by the spring, 55 and the gas passes into an outlet chamber @t y emciency of the compressor.

PATENT OFFICE Mount Clemens, meh., as-

J. Sugden, Boston, Mam

Application Nov 1, 1934, t (ci. 23e- 172) pipe is connected to the condenser of the system.

The' gas, after passing through the condenser and the der in series, returns to the com'- 5 pressor through a pipe 4E (see Fig. l) and fitting 48 to the chamber l2. In practice the gas enten the chamber i2 at a. pressure of approximately seven pounds per square inch and the chamber is completely lled with gas at this pressure. 10 When the piston descends (compare Figs. 3 and i) it displaces acertain amount of gas by raising the pressure of the gas in the chamber and driving gas toward and through the intake port into the cylinder when the port opens. U

As shown, the cylinder I 6 is provided with a lateral extension 5@ (see Fig. 3) presenting a secondary chamber 52 which communicates at its lower end with the primary chamber i2 and at the upper portion of its side with the intake port 3B. 20 Disposed in this secondary chamber is a barde 5@ forming therewith one or more restricted passages 5S (herein on all sides) between the primary chamber and the upper portion of the secondary chamber. made of sheet metal bent into zig-zag formation and presenting a vertical series of shelves 58. The lowermost shelf is provided with an opening 59 which registers with a like opening E2 in a skirt 6d suitably attached as by rivets @E to the 30 baile and having a downwardly directed flange G8. The skirt is suitably secured to the cylinder extension E@ as by providing the latter with the drilled holes lil into which pins 'i2 provided with heads it are driven. Screws might be used equally as well.

The secondary chamber, the baffle and the restricted passages about the latter perform three important .functions The baffle constitutes a muier which silences the noise which would otherwise .be occasioned by the rushing of the gas through the intake port. The bale also serves as a means to collect the oil formed by the stream of gas on its way to the intake port. The oil is caught by the many edges of the baule, collects ce on its shelves and is drained back into the pri mary chamber iZ. The depending flange on the shirt encourages the return of the oil to the primary chamber because the oil descending upon the flange collects on its lower edge and drops 5o into the chamber. The third iimction of the de scribed construction is to increase the volumetric This increase is found in practice to be about twenty per cent.

It appears to be due to the fact that during w As shown, this baille is conveniently 25 the downward stroke of the piston gas is driven past the baffle into the upper portion of the secondary chamber, and when the piston starts its upward stroke and before the intake, port is closed, the chamber and baiiie constitute a species of trap which traps the gas and resists backward flow of the latter to the primary chamber. In practice it is found that the pressure of approximately seven pounds in the primary chamber is thus stepped -up tonine or ten pounds in the upper portion of the secondary chamber, thus materially increasing the amount of gas above the upper head of the intake port-when the piston in its ascent closes the latter.

Having thus described one embodiment of the invention, but without limiting myself thereto, what I claim and desire by Letters Patent to secure is:

l. In a. refrigerant compressor for use in a compressor-condenser-expander circuit, the combination of a housing presenting a primary cham- 'ber having an inlet to receive the gaseous refrigerant, means presentingy a secondary chamber within said primary chamber, a restricted passage between said chambers, and a baiiie between said chambers, and a pump housed within said primary chamber and without said secondary chamber, said pump having its intake communicating with said primary chamber by way of said restricted passage and said secondary chamber, said baiie being distinct from and disposed Without said pump along the line oi such communication.

2. In a refrigerant compressor for use in a compressor-condenser-expander circuit, the combination of a housing presenting a primary chamber having an inlet to-receive the gaseous refrigerant, means presenting a'secondary chamber within said primary chamber, a restricted passage between said chambers, and a.v baiiie between said chambers, and a pump housed within said primary, chamber and without said secondary chamber, said pump having vits intake communicating with said primary chamber by way of said restricted passage and said secondary chamber, said baille being distinct from and disposed without said pump along the line of such communication, said pump comprising a cylinder having an open end exposed within said primary chamber, and a piston having one end exposed within said primary chamber and serving to raise the pressure in the latter when said piston moves toward said open end.

3. In a refrigerant compressor for use in a compressor-condenser-expander circuit, the combination of a housing presenting a primary chamber having an inlet to receive the gaseous refrigerant, means presenting a secondary chamber within said primary chamber, a restricted mssage between said chambers, and a baiiie between said chambers, said bae presenting a succession of oil-collecting surfaces, and a pump housed within said primary chamber and without said secondary chamber, said pump having its intake communicating with 'said primary chamber by way of said restricted passage and said secondary chamber, said baiile being distinct from and disposed without said pump along the line of such communication.

4. In a refrigerant compressor for'use in a compressor-condenser-expander circuit, the combination of a housing presenting a. primary. chber having an inlet to receive the gaseous refrigerant, means presenting a secondary chamaccuser ber within said primary chamber, a restricted passage between said chambers, and a. e be= tween said chambers, said battleV ypresenting a downwardly directed surface to promote the return of oil to said primary chamber, and a pump housed within said primary chamber and without said secondary chamber, said pump having .its intake communicating with said primary chamber by way of said restricted passage and said secondary chamber, said barile being distinct from and disposed without said pump along the line of such communication.

5. In a refrigerantv compressor for use in a compressor-condenser-expander circuit, the combination of a housing presenting a primary chamber having an inlet toreceive the gaseous refrigerant, means presenting a secondary chamber within said primary chamber, a restricted passage between said chambers, and a baille between said chambers, said baiiie presenting a vertical succession of horizontal oil-collecting surfaces, and below said surfaces a vertical surface to promote the return of oil to said primary chamber, and a pump housed within said primary chamber and without said secondary chamber, said pump having its intake communicating with said primary chamber by way of said restricted passage and said secondary chamber, said bame being distinct.

eating with said primary chamber by way of saidV restricted passage and said secondary chamber, said baille being distinct from and disposed without said pump along the line of such communica-- tion.

'7. In a refrigerant compressor for use in a compressor-condenser-expander circuit, the combination of a housing presenting a chamber having an inlet to receive the gaseous refrigerant under more or less pressure, and a'gas pump within said chamber, said pump comprising a. cylinder having a lateral intake port communicating with said chamber to receive gas therefrom, and an outlet for the compressed gas, said cylinder having an open end communicating with said chamber, and a piston working in said cylinder and covering and uncovering said lateral intake port, said piston having one end exposed to the gas within said chamber and in its movement toward said open end raising the pressure of the gas in said chamber and driving a charge of the gas through said lateral intake port into said cylinder.

8. In a. refrigerant compressor for use in a compressor-condensereexpander circuit, the combination of a housing presenting a chamber having an inlet to receivethe gaseous refrigerant under more or less pressure, and a gas pump within said chamber, said pump comprising a cylinder having' an intake from said chamber and an outlet for the compressed gas, said cylinder having an open end communicating with said chamber, and a pressure of the gas in said chamber and driving a charge of gas into said cylinder intake.

9. In a refrigerant compressor for use in a compressor-condenser-expander circuit, the combination of a housing presenting a primary chamber having an iniet to receive the gaseous refrigerant under more or less pressure, a gas pump within said chamber, said pump comprising a cylinder having an intake and an outlet, and having an open end communicating with said chamber, and means presenting a secondary chamber within said primary chamber and communicating with said pump intake and a restricted passage communicating with said primary chamber, said pump comprising also a piston working in said cylinder and having one end exposed to the gas within said primary chamber and in its movement toward said open end raising the pressure of the gas in said primary chamber and driving a charge of the gas through said restricted passage into and through said secondary chamber and through said cylinder intake into said cylinder.

10. In a refrigerant compressor for use in a compressor-condenser-expander circuit, the combination of a housing presenting a primary chamber having an inlet to receive the gaseous refrigerant under more or less pressure, a gas pump Within said chamber, said pump comprising a cylinder having an intake andan outlet, and having an open end communicating with said chamber, and means presenting a secondary chamber within said primary chamber and communicating' with said pump intake and a baiiie forming with said secondary chamber a restricted paage communicating with said primary chamber, said pump comprising also a piston working in said Vcylinder and having one end exposed to the gas within said primary chamber and in its movement toward said open end raising the pressure dof the gas in said primary chamber and driving a charge of the gas through said restricted passage into and through said secondary chamber and through said cylinder intake into said cylinder.v

WILLIAM D. DRYSDALE. 

